Fatores edáficos como indicadores da regeneração em uma savana na Amazônia Oriental.

Abstract

Currently, the Amazon savannas suffer from the loss of plant and animal biodiversity resulting from anthropic actions that alter various environmental factors such as the composition and fertility of the soil. The objective of the research was to relate the occurrence of regeneration with the physicochemical composition of the soil in order to contribute to conservation strategies. The study was carried out in the town of Itapuá in the municipality of Vigia de Nazaré, Pará, in 677 plots of 1m x 1m; Species with height ≤ 1 m were quantified and identified in family, genera, species and life form. For physicochemical analysis of the soil in each area, five soil sub-samples were collected at a depth of 0-10 cm, to compose a single composite sample. The samples were sent to the soil analysis laboratory of the Brazilian Agricultural Research of Embrapa Eastern Amazon and physical (coarse, fine and total sand, silt, clay) and chemical (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, pH (H2O) analyzes were carried out), Ca, Mg, Ca:Mg, K, Al, P, C, MO, N, C:N, Na, H+Al, SB, CTC (T), CTC (t), V and m). A total of 36.190 individuals were registered, distributed in 43 families, 86 genera and 119 species. The dominant life form was herbaceous with 55 species corresponding to 61.88% of the total species. The soil elements with the highest concentrations were carbon, organic matter, Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, Potassium, Sodium, Iron, sand and Fine sand. It is concluded that these soil elements were responsible for the dominance of herbaceous plants characterized in monocotyledonous species and small species.