Caracterização pedológica de solos com Terra Preta Arqueológica na região de Oriximiná - PARÁ

Abstract

The pedological properties (morphological, physical, and chemical) of soils with Archaeological Black Earth (ABE) were tested as an auxilliary method for archaeological studies, and to verify the influence of pre-historic human settlements; soil profiles inside the sites were compared with profiles from outside. In Site 1 (Anthropogenic Humic Latosolic Cambisol) NS and EW transects were sampled, whereas in Site 2 ( Anthropogenic Humic Pethroplinthosol) the sampling was randomized and mapped. In the fine earth were determined: Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, P, C, FeO, Fed, Al, H+A1, K, Na, Cu, and pH. From the analized elements the Ca, Mg, C, P, Zn and Mn occuried in higher concentration in the ABE in relation to other soils from Amazonic region. These elements also show vertical and horizontal discontinuites in the archaeological sites, decreasing to the extremities and with soil depth. ABE layers considered homogeneous or difficult to separate in archaeology, did show morphological subdivision in various horizons. The elements Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, P, and C, can be used in archaeological research as an additional help to indicate boundaries, and to identify archaeological sites with ABE, and also explain pre-historic settlement patterns through site descontinuites. The morphological analysis of profiles can be used in archaeological research to make stratigraphic descriptions.