Etnobotânica aplicada à seleção de espécies nativas amazônicas como subsídio à regionalização da fitoterapia no SUS: município de Oriximiná – PA, Brasil.

Abstract

Brazil has a rich vegetal biodiversity, especially in the Amazon biome where ethnic groups apply several plants for preparing homemade remedies. However, this biocultural heritage remains not well known. The authors sought to carry out a survey based on plants with medicinal properties used by residents of Oriximiná city, Pará State. Ethnobotanical data was obtained from semi-structured interviews. As a result, 112 species were collected, identified and classified into 50 families. Most part of these species are native (56%) from Amazon biome and predominance of the Fabaceae species was observed. After identification, Amazon natives were compared to those present in 14 documents from Unified Health System (UHS), where the "Relação de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS" (RENISUS) and the "Programa de Pesquisa em Plantas Medicinais" (PPPM) demonstrated more native species quantity, while there was exclusion in the Brazilian Pharmacopeia updates. However, with upward trend after recognition of phytotherapy in UHS. Most of the endemic species in the Amazon are not mentioned in any analyzed documen. The ethnobotanical study conducted in Oriximiná demonstrates the native species importance to the population, in contrast to their poor UHS representation. Research of this nature, aims to align health policies to the territory.