Estudos florísticos em Leguminosae na flona de Caxiuanã, Pa, Brasil

Abstract

Leguminosae or Fabaceae has about 730 genera and more than 19 000 species. The family is located among the ten most diverse in Brazil and stand out data for the area of the Amazon rainforest, where the family is the largest in number of species. The taxon is recognized by the characters alternate or opposite leaves, composed or seemingly simple presence of pulvini, medians petals in adaxial position, imbricated forming inner hull and side wings or all the same forming tube, ovary and fruit monocarpelar usually the vegetable type. This work aimed to raise species of Leguminosae occurring in Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará (Flona Caxiuanã), and perform a taxonomic treatment of taxa from subfamilies Mimosoideae and Caesalpinioideae and present a taxonomic key, descriptions and illustrations of the species. The expeditions to the field and herbarium surveys in MG, IAN, RB and INPA have carried and 45 genera and 99 species have recorded. The species Inga microcalyx Spruce ex Benth. and Vouacapoua americana Aubl. they was considered vulnerable, which shows the importance of Flona Caxiuanã family. Leguminosae have found in all types of enviroments and the most comprehensive was Terra Firme. Taxonomic treatments have performed in 72 species distributed in six tribes and 22 genera, the most diverse genre have be Inga with 29 species. They met three endemic species of Brazil, of these, one of Pará. With the number of species recorded, it have seen that Leguminosae is very different and it was possible to know part of Caxiuanã flora and Amazon, as well as verify the importance of Flona Caxiuanã by checking the number of endemic species of the Amazon and the Brazilian Amazon.