Estudo morfo-anatômico dos órgãos subterrâneos e aéreos de cyperus prolixus h.b.k. (cyperaceae)

Abstract

Cyperus prolixus H.B.K. is one of the components of the bath-scent, which is extracted from the oil of the vegetative organs. Given this, we proposed to study the morpho-anatomy of the aerial and subterranean organs, identifying secretory structures. The material was collected from the UFRA/Belém cultivation, coming from Boa Vista, Acará. In the laboratory, the samples were selected for herborization and the usual techniques in plant anatomy. Regarding the morphology of the species, triangular stem; aciculate leaves; spherical rhizomes, which originate roots, were observed. In cross section of the leaf, the covering is of tabular, buliform, hypodermic cells and fiber nests, and the mesophyll is formed of vascular elements involved by a parenchymatic sheath organized in rosette, groups of parenchymatic cells arranged in columns, limiting air gaps. The thatch is also lined by tabular cells, filled by fundamental parenchyma and leaving between these air gaps and the stellate organization in eustele. The rhizome and root, in cross section, are divided into lining, cortical and vascular regions. The lining one is lignified cells and nests of fibers. The cortical of the rhizome is parenchyma, in which secretory structures, amyliferous idioblasts and sclerenchyma strands occur. The cortical of the root is formed of row-layers of parenchymatic cells, bordered by air gaps and pluriseriate fibrous cord. The vascular regions are differentiated by the stellate organization into siphonostele in the root, and into atactostele in the rhizome. The existence of secretory structures only in the rhizome allows us to conclude that this organ is the major responsible for the elimination of the species' characteristic oil.