Grau de fragmentação e isolamento da paisagem na Área de Influência Direta do Aproveitamento Hidrelétrico de Belo Monte no estado do Pará

Abstract

The human impacts in the Amazonian have promoted the fragmentation and isolation of the continuous forests. The objective of the study was determinate the degree of fragmentation and isolation using the landscape metrics (fragment size, geometric shape and degrees of isolation) in the future area of the Hydroelectric of the Belo Monte situated in the Xingu river in the Para State. The forest fragments were classified using satellite images and the landscape metrics indexes were calculated using the program ArcGis 9. Were identified 220 forest fragments in the study area, varying from 7 to 34,000 hectares. In relation to river margin, presence of roads and the location of the future lake the fragments were divided in 11 areas of isolation, being 7 and 4 areas situated in the left and river margin in the right margin of the Xingu river, respectively. There is not significantly difference between forest fragment size and fragment geometric shape in relation to river margin side of the Xingu River in the study area. However the 151 forest fragments situated in the left margin of the Xingu River occupy 34.5% in the total study area, while the 62 forest fragments situated in the right margin occupy 62% in the total study area. The degree of isolation is significantly higher in the fragments situated in the right margin of the Xingu River.