Conflitos na apropriação e uso do rio por comunidades ribeirinhas das ilhas de Ananindeua, Pará

Abstract

In the municipality of Ananindeua, located in the metropolitan region of Belém, there are 5 islands - João Pilatos, Sassunema, Viçosa, Mutá and Santa Rosa - in which we find riverside communities whose subsistence base is based on fishing, agriculture, vegetal extractivism and charcoal production. We seek to describe the productive systems and the way of life of these communities, trying to identify the occurrence of tensions and/or conflicts in the use of the river and what are the implications of such processes in the community. This work is part of the MAC Project - Alternative Conflict Management, which aims to identify, characterize, and direct solutions to socio-environmental conflicts. Our methodology was based on ethnography, through the techniques of applying forms, formal and informal interviews, photographic records, and historical data collection. Authors such as Gun (1989), Furtado (1995), Fiúza de Melo (1993), made it possible to survey the theoretical aspects of conflicts and how they occur in riverside fishing communities, both enabling an interaction with Geography theories, as they make us understand how the spaces of these communities are used and appropriated by the various social actors. The islands have about 12 communities, which have been suffering the action of "pirates", who steal the boats, the fishing instruments and sometimes the production, compromising the fishing activity. As an additional aspect, the existence of tensions in other productive systems has been detected. This situation has led the communities to seek alternatives with the Municipal, State, and Federal public agencies in order to maintain their activities, such as fishing in cages and replanting the açaí trees.