Aspecto ecofisiológico da pimenta-do-reino sob diversos tutores vivos

Abstract

The cultivation of black pepper Piper" nígrum L. has been suffering some restrictions regarding the system in full sun, because it uses stakes extracted from native species threatened with extinction. Aiming at an alternative to reduce the costs of implantation of the culture, as well as to increase the period of life of the same, that today spends at most 5 years producing, it is being studied some species that can serve as living stakes for the pepper, In this sense, the andirobeira Carapa guianensis emerges as a promising species and with its own characteristics for this purpose. Because it is a domesticated species, the andirobeira is being studied in the present work in some basic aspects that may reflect the responses of this species regarding its primary productivity. The work is being developed at the Physical Base of EMBRAPA-CPATU in Belém in field and laboratory conditions. We first studied the evolution of leaf ontogeny using 10 plants with 3 months of age, grown in polyethylene bags containing a mixture of black earth: manure in a 3:1 ratio, respectively. The results obtained in the ontogeny test revealed a sigmoidal type growth that does not differ much from the standard for arboreal plants, however, the CV obtained (about 30%) is probably due to the small number of plants studied. We also studied the comparative leaf anatomy, using leaves collected from the CPATU forest where transverse cuts and dissociation of the epidermis were made, as usual. In this first stage, since these were still conventional technique tests, only sun plants were used and the main parameter used was the number of stomas per microscope field (magnification of 10 x 40) equal to 4.1 +/- 0.10 and the type of stomata characterized as anomocytic in black pepper. Since these were exploratory trials we did not use any experimental design, however a refinement of the technique and new trials are necessary to continue the work.