Mapeamento da sensibilidade ambiental da ilha de Mosqueiro (Belém/PA) ao derrame de derivados de hidrocarbonetos

Abstract

The Oil Spill Environmental Sensitivity Charts (SAO Charts) are very important instruments, as they are primary sources of information for oil spill response actions, as they provide information on the sensitivity of coastal areas, biological resources. and socioeconomic. The study was conducted at Mosqueiro Island (Belém / PA), located in the region of direct and indirect influence of two major fuel distribution ports, and which has a strong tourist attractiveness due to its estuarine beaches that, consequently, generate various socioeconomic activities. In this context, a tactical map (1: 70,000) and eight operational maps (1: 25,000) were prepared. The methodology consisted of collecting bibliographic data, interpretation and processing of satellite images, field campaigns, determination of the coastal sensitivity index (ISL), according to the norms established by the Ministry of Environment (2004) and cartographic elaboration in GIS environment. 154 segments were delimited, distributed in 299.84 km of coastline. Of the mapped environments, 87.44% were classified as ISL 10 (riverbank - flooded areas - floodplains or wetlands), being concentrated in the NE, SE and SW sectors of the island. Mosqueiro Island has high sensitivity and environmental vulnerability, since almost 90% of shorelines have high sensitivity index (ISL 10) and the other 10%, despite having low ISLs, have large associated socioeconomic activities.