Dinâmicas de conhecimento e uso de plantas medicinais em um assentamento rural de Belém do Pará – PA.

Abstract

Rural communities that were founded based on land occupation in the Amazon usually have a wide knowledge about the use of medicinal plants. Studies carried out in this context reveal a vast heterogeneity in terms of knowledge and use of medicinal plants. They also describe the influence these communities have on plant diversity and the cultural aspects associated with their use. This paper shows the dynamics of knowledge and use of medicinal plants in the Paulo Fonteles Rural Settlement, established in 2006 in the Mosqueiro District, Belém Municipality, Pará state, Brazilian Amazon. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and participatory workshops and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Medicinal plants are crucial resources for farmers before and after land occupation. A total of 140 ethnospecies were recorded, of which 119 were identified; They belong to 58 botanical families. 60 species are native to Brazil. Out of those, 21 belong to the phytogeographic domain restricted to Amazonia. 59 species were introduced the region. The local knowledge of medicinal plants is well spread among informants of different age and sex groups. People from other regions in Brazil reported significantly more medicinal plants than those native to the state of Pará. Among the 140 plants mentioned, 110 refer to species whose uses have been maintained over time by informants. The socio-cultural heterogeneity and the dynamic livelihood of the farmers has been crucial for the improvement of their knowledge and the increase of the diversity of the local flora.