Monilófitas da ilha do Combú, município de Belém, estado do Pará, Brasil

Abstract

Floristic and taxonomic studies are being carried out on the pteridophytes occurring in the various ecosystems of the state of Pará. Thus, the present study presents a list of monilophyte species from Combu Island, municipality of Belém (PA), as well as information regarding habitat, biological forms and geographical distribution. Combú Island covers about 1500 ha, located at the following coordinate 1°25' 5- 48°25' W, about 1.5 km south of Belém, covered by vegetation formed by floodplain forest, composed of two topographic environments (low and high floodplain) in addition to small areas destined for cocoa cultivation and also for the extraction of açaí. The collection was carried out according to the usual techniques for vascular plants and the identification of the specimens collected was based on the specialized literature. The testimonial material was deposited in the Herbarium MG of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. As a result, the area is represented by 25 species, distributed in 20 genera and 10 families, of which the most representative are Pteridaceae, with eight species, Polypodiaceae, with six and Hymenophyllaceae, with three species. All species are herbaceous, except Cyathea microdonta (Desv.) Domin, which has a subarborescent habit. Regarding the substrate, 13 species grow on forophyte, nine are terrestrial, two are terrestrial climbers and one is a climber. Regarding biological forms, 13 species are preferential epiphytes, five rosulate hemicryptophytes, three hemiepiphytes, three reptant hemicryptophytes and one phanerophyte. As for the geographical distribution pattern, most species are American, two are circum-Antarctic and two are Pacific. Some species found as Trichomanes pinnatinervium Jenman and Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.l E. SI. lohn are poorly represented in the herbaria of the Northern Region, indicating the importance of intensifying studies on monilophyte species for the region.