Análise anatómica dos órgãos vegetatlvos de plectranthus barbatus (andrews) benth (lamiaceae), uma espécie medicinal da Amazônia

Abstract

About the species Plectranthus barbatus (Andrews) Benthe, vernacularly known as "anador", an aromatic and medicinal species of the Amazon, found in urban areas, in the fairs of Belém, in the backyards and gardens of the residences, commercialized in the market of Ver-o-Peso in stalls of popular herbs, there are reports about its medicinal properties, widely used in the Amazon against liver ailments, vertigo, colic, in combating pain in general, has proven action in the treatment of glaucoma, heart disease and asthma, in addition to other properties attributed to the anador. In order to contribute to the biological knowledge of the species, the anatomical analysis of its vegetative organs was carried out, with emphasis on the secretory structure. In the methodology, in natura material was used, fixed in FAA70 %, and submitted to the techniques of dissociation, diaphanization, histological sections of the vegetative organs, application of histochemical tests and electronic analysis in scanning microscopy (SEM). In this work, emphasis was given to the secretory structures, classifying them into three types of trichomes: two glandular and one simple tector, common to the Lamiaceae family. Glandular trichomes are capitate and peltate; peltate trichomes present multicellular complexes with two overlapping radial circles. In transverse section, they are located in an invagination of the epidermis. The anatomical analysis of the structure and ultrastructure of Plectranthus barbatus shows leaf surface with thick and striated epicuticular wax, anomocytic stomata, and taxa-specific glandular trichomes. The relevance of this study is directly related to the presence of complex secretory structures, carrying lipophilic substances, mainly in the leaves, located in the innermost part of the secretory gland, corroborating with the use of leaves in the making of teas, widely used by the Amazonian population.