Caracterização Anatômica da Madeira de Quatro Espécies do Gênero Astronium Jacq. (Anacardiaceae), Exportadas Pelo Pólo Madeireiro de Paragominas, Pará

Abstract

The exploitation and industrial processing of wood are among the main economic activities in the eastern part of Paragominas, where the timber sector extracts approximately 24.5 million cubic meters of roundwood per year, equivalent to about 6.2 million trees. Paragominas has become an important export center for forest products, generating for itself an exponential growth in the economic sphere. thus, based on the expansion of exploration activity for this market, several species end up being identified incorrectly, are commonly grouped under the same vernacular name and exchanged for others with similar characteristics, compromising the commercialization of their woods. Therefore, the present work aims to contribute to the knowledge of tropical species that are commercialized in foreign markets, aiming at their correct identification and better utilization. The material studied was obtained from the Walter A. Egler xilotheque of the Emilio Goeldi Museum of Pará. Macroscopic descriptions followed the traditional methodologies used in wood anatomy studies, commonly known as "muiracatiara". Through the analysis of the anatomical characters, it was observed that a. gracile engl. presented individualized growth layers by marginal parenchyma, and a. lecointei ducke, with individualized layers by tangential fibrous zones, differing from a. fraxinifolluftt schott and a. urundeuva engl. with indistinct layers. The four species showed diffuse pores, arrangements with undefined patterns, axial parenchyma invisible even under a 10x lens and rectilinear vascular lines. only a. gracile engl. showed pores with content present and obstructed by villi.