Modificações da linha de costa na comunidade de Boa Vista (Quatipuru-PA) nos últimos 18 anos, e implicações sócio-ambientais no bairro do Castelo

Abstract

On the left bank of the tidal channel of Campinho, located on the coast of the municipality of Quatipuru, the process of erosion occurs, the river slope present on this bank has already been "undermined" by the strong incidence of the tide. The choice of this area for the study was made because it is an area occupied by the community of the Castelo neighborhood. A multi-temporal analysis of the erosion variation in the Castelo neighborhood, between the years 1984 and 2001 is being done with two LANDSAT images (MSS, 1984 and ETM+7, 2001), in order to identify the changes over the last 18 years, old photographs taken by the residents, current photographs taken during recent field work, interviews with the oldest residents of the neighborhood and with the municipal authorities, collection of sediments from the river slope and adjacent areas to verify whether or not the granulometry favors the erosive process. A comparison of current and previous photographs shows that erosion is at an accelerated stage, as several houses have already been destroyed by erosion, salinization of well water, falling electric poles, among other consequences. There is an urgent need to relocate the population to an appropriate area with infrastructure, but which does not harm the main economic activity of the residents, which is artisanal fishing. The river slope located on the left bank of the tidal channel is supported by deposits of fine to very fine, whitish, unconsolidated sand, superimposed on a sandy deposit; the material is very friable and it seems to be very favorable to erosion. The interviews with the different social agents showed that there is an impasse between the wishes of the residents and the solution advocated by the municipality, which is to relocate them to an area far from the beach, and without the kind of infrastructure that they demand.