O monitoramento dos focos de calor nas unidades de conservação e terras indígenas na região do Projeto de Zoneamento Ecológico-Econômico da Br-163

Abstract

The objective of this work is to monitor the hotspots between the years 1998 and 2006 in protected areas (conservation units and indigenous lands) in the region of the Ecological-Economic Zoning Project of the BR-163 (ZEE BR-163). The area of this study includes 19 municipalities of the State of Pará and has a coverage of about 33 million hectares (27.2% of the total area of the State), being part of the land-use planning project of the ZEE BR-163 Project. Besides a Military Area, there are currently in this area 15 Conservation Units (4 of Full Protection and 11 of Sustainable Use) and 14 Indigenous Lands. Since mid-1998 the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) has been monitoring the number of hotspots using the meteorological satellites NOAA four times a day, GOES eight times a day, and Terra and Aqua. The number of heat spots in the municipalities of the region of the BR-163 EEZ Project during the years (1998 to 2006) analyzed shows an equal increase among all municipalities, with Novo Progresso being the municipality with the greatest number of heat spots with 40,113, which represents 26 % of the total and Belterra being the municipality with the lowest number, 1,600, which represents 1 % of the total in this period. There was no significant difference in the number of hotspots between 1998 and 2006 within the set of protected areas in the BR-163 EEZ region. However, when we analyze the total number of hotspots inside and outside the protected areas, we observe a significant difference with a difference of more than 180 times the number of hotspots outside protected areas than inside them. The majority of the hotspots are concentrated along the axis of the highway, branches and intersections of the BR-163 highway, which shows that this road is under strong influence of human activity linked mainly to the expansion of farming and cattle ranching, logging and the expansion of urban centers.