Caracterização das Propriedades Químicas Referentes ao Projeto Terra Preta Nova (Ano II) e Desenvolvimento do Site do Projeto Terra Preta

Abstract

Soils with high fertility and stability called Terra Preta Arqueológica (TPA) or Terra Preta de Índio (Indian Black Earth), occurring in the Amazon, may have originated from organic deposits of animal origin (bones, blood, fat, feces, etc.) and of vegetal origin (leaves and stalks of various palm trees, seeds, etc.), from the prehistoric human occupation. Thus, this reference was used for the development of techniques for the creation of Terra Preta Nova from the use of organic waste from timber industries associated with cattle bones from slaughterhouses, bringing an alternative to minimize the socio-environmental problems of the state of Pará. This work proposal aims at the characterization of the main chemical properties of the soil formed in the Terra Preta Nova experiment, in Tailândia, Pará, Year II and also aims at the elaboration of the Terra Preta Nova project website. The experiment has 17 plots composed of different combinations of organic residues. In the field 68 soil samples were collected, with 4 repetitions from each plot and the following parameters were analyzed in the laboratory: pH, C, K, Na, Ca, Mg, AI, P, N. Soil samples were collected twice, once during the dry season (July to August) and the other during the rainy season (February to March). The analytical results correspond to the Y and 4" collection and are still being obtained, however, it is already possible to observe that the pH of the plots varied from medium acidity to weak acidity; the C content was high in almost all plots; the IA was considered medium in only 4 samples, being considered low in the rest. As for the project's website, it is being elaborated and will be hosted in the Goeldi Museum's server. The distribution of organic residues within the plots may predict certain results of the analyses, such as the high calcium or phosphorus content in plots with bones. The high organic load in all plots demonstrates the similarity with TPAs according to the 2003 Dark Earths publication.