Auxílio na Implantação de Sistema Agroindustrial para a Produção de Óleo Essencial de Piper aduncum L.

Abstract

The species Piper aduncum L. of the Piperaceae family, produces essential oil rich in dilapiol, which is described in the literature as a molluscicide, insecticide, bactericide and fungicide capable of inhibiting the growth of the mycelium and the germination of the fungus "witches' broom" that attacks cocoa and cupuaçu in the Amazon, besides other fungi and phytopathogenic bacteria. The present work contributed to the study of the implementation of an agro-industrial system for the production of essential oil rich in dilapiol from the cultivation of Piper aduncurn L., testing different substrates for seed germination and shade levels adequate for seedling development. The substrates used were: TI- Vegetable garden soil, T2- Sludge from the water treatment in the beer industry along with vegetable soil and rice husk, T3- Vegetable soil and coconut straw, T4- Vegetable soil and rice husk, and the shading levels were as follows: no shading, 50% shading and 75% shading, with the seeds germinated in disposable cups arranged in randomized blocks with 5 repetitions, each repetition containing 10 observations, for a total of 600 observations. The best substrate tested was treatment T3 with a germination rate of 95%, followed by treatment T4, with a germination rate of 90%. As for the shading levels, the highest survival of seedlings when all substrates were considered was with shading at the 50 % level. Thus, it is possible to conclude that for a rational cultivation of this species it is necessary to use a nursery with 50% shade to obtain seedlings and a substrate of soil and coconut straw to germinate the seeds.