Estudos Botânicos nas Ilhas de Maiandeua, Algodoal, Pará. Morfologia Polínica da Vegetação da Restinga de Algodoal, Pará. XI- Família Turneraceae

Abstract

Algodoal Island is located in the municipality of Maracanã, Pará State, "b. occupying an area of 385 ha, between the geographic coordinates 00°34'45" to 00°34'30" S and 47°31'OS" to 47°34'12" W. It has lush mangrove and restinga vegetation with several physiologically different plant communities. The Turneraceae family comprises about 10 genera and 140 species, distributed especially throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa, and South Asia. In Brazil the genera Piriqueta Aubl. and Turnera L. are found, with about 120 species. It is represented in the restinga of Algodoal by the species: Piriqueta sp.; Piriqueta duarteana (Camb.) Urban; Turnera brasiliensis Willd.; Turnera brevifolia Moura.; Turnera melochioides Camb.; Turnera melochioides Camb. var, arenaria Spruce ex Benth. The present work has as main objectives to investigate the morphology of the pollen grains of these species, in order to promote comparison of frequency and pollen type with the pollen of species that occur in other ecosystems of the region. To prepare the slides, adult flower buds were collected from exsiccata of the MG herbarium (Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém) and later submitted to acetolysis. The pollen grains were measured, described and photomicrographed under light and scanning electron microscope. It was observed that they are large, isopolar, 3-colporate, of radial symmetry, subtriangular amb, microreticulate surface and wavy roof, differing only in the shape, which varied from spheroidal prolate to prolate. Therefore, it is suggested that the Turneraceae family is stenopolinic, since it presents relatively homogeneous pollen grains. In order to separate these species based on pollen characters, a key was elaborated.