Distribuição espacial e mapeamento de dez espécies arbóreas de várzeas potencialmente ameaçadas pela atividade madeireira

Abstract

The várzeas in general cover about 6% of the Brazilian Amazon area, with an approximate extension of 200,000 km2. They are periodically flooded by white water rivers. Timber species that have been exploited for a long time occur there. About 30% of the total forest species exploited in the region are from the floodplains. This participation tends to decrease due to the depletion of the stock of some overexploited species. This study aims to present information regarding the geographical distribution and general characteristics of ten floodplain species that are potentially threatened by logging activities. The species were Carapa guianensis (andiroba), Virola surinamensis (ucuúba), Ceiba pentandra (sumauma), Hura creptans (assacú), Mora paraensis (pracuúba) Platymiscium trinitatis (macacaúba), Calycophy/lum spruceanum (pau mulato), Symphonia globulifera (anani), Spondias mombin (taperebá), and Bombax munguba (mungubeira). Surveys were carried out in the herbarium collections of the IAN, MPEG, and INPA herbaria, regarding the site of collection of the botanical material; and consulted databases with inventories carried out in the areas of influence of the Amazon basin, making it possible to verify the distribution of the species. The studies carried out in the floodplain areas are highly aggregated in regions near Belém, Santarém and Manaus. However, it was possible to observe that most of the species studied have a regular distribution throughout the Amazon basin, and can be found in any of the sub-regions defined by the study. Given the importance of the floodplain ecosystem, few studies have been developed in this direction, requiring greater efforts to draw management and conservation strategies for these environments.