Fungos das Famílias Phakopsoraceae e Uropyxidaceae (Uredinales) da FLONA de Caxiuanã, Pará-Brasil

Abstract

The fungi of the order Uredinales, commonly known as plant rusts, comprise one of the largest orders of the Kingdom Fungi, with about 6,000 known species. They are ecologically obligate parasitic organisms that show high specificity towards their hosts. Currently this order includes thirteen families, among them the families Phakopsoraceae and Uropyxidaceae, which were treated in this study with the objective of identifying the fungi from these families collected in Caxiuanã and deposited in the MG herbarium and correlate these fungi with their host plants. The specimens were identified based on the hosts, symptoms caused in the plant and analysis of the microstructures of the fungus, which were observed by preparing semi-permanent slides of sera and spores, mounted in lactophenol solution and aqua-cid. Specialized literature and comparisons with other specimens deposited in the MG herbarium helped in the identification. Sixteen species were identified from 57 specimens studied, with 07 species classified in the Phakopsoraceae family, representing the genera: Batistopsora, Cerotelium, Crossopsora, Pbakopsora and Pbragmidiella; and 09 species classified in the Uropyxidaceae family, representing the genera: Dasyspora, Kimuromyces, Porotenus, Prospodium and Uropyxis. The best represented genera were Prospodium (4) and Phakopsora (3), and the best represented host family regarding the number of idcntifícate species was Bignoníaceae (7). Of the ecosystems sampled, the vegetation type Capoeira, followed by Floresta de terra firme, recorded the highest frequency in relation to the number of specimens identified. Descriptions, illustrations and identification keys of the species were made. Batistopsora crucis-filii, Kimuromyces cerradensis and Pbragmidiella bignoniacearum are new occurrences for Pará State and Amazonia.