Caracterização da morfologia floral e dos insetos visitantes em espécies de áreas litorâneas e de vegetação secundária

Abstract

In tropical forests there is a predominance of biotic pollination, with the need for association between the morphological characteristics of flowers and floral resources offered as a reward to the visiting agents. The present work aims to inform about the plant species and floral morphology with their respective insect visitors in species of coastal vegetation and ruderal species with shrub, creeping, climbing and liana habits occurring in secondary vegetation. The studies were conducted in the Urumajó APA in the municipality of Augusto Corrêa and in the community of Benjamin Constant, in the municipality of Bragança, Pará State. Botanical material with flower buds and/or open flowers was collected. Visiting insects were collected during the daytime using an entomological net and stored in 70% alcohol. Identification of plants and insects was carried out at the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. In the coastal vegetation of Urumajó, 18 families, 24 genera and 27 species were identified in bloom with a predominance of Leguminoseae (6), Apocynaceae (2), Asteraceae (2), Convolvulaceae(2), Rubiaceae (2) and the other families with 1 species each, and the predominant habit was semi-shrub (15), liana (7), shrub (3), tree (1) and reptile psammophilous perennial herb (1). As for visitors, 8 species of insects were collected mostly of the order Coleoptera (4), Hymenoptera (3) and Diptera (1). In the secondary vegetation 13 families, 23 genera and 23 species of plants were identified with a predominance of Leguminoseae (4), Verbenaceae (4), Rubiaceae (3), Apocynaceae (2), Asteraceae (2), the other families with 1 species each, whose predominant habit was shrub (11), semi-shrub (8), tree (2) and liana (2). Eleven species of visiting agents were collected, mostly Coleoptera (7), Hymenoptera (2), Lepidoptera (1) and Arachnida (1). Six plant species were found to occur in the two areas studied and most were visited by Coleoptera.