Composição florística de capoeiras em diversas etapas de desenvolvimento

Abstract

The oldest colonization area in the state of Pará is located in northeastern Pará, where 90% of the original forest cover has been converted into secondary vegetation (capoeira). Studies to test management options for capoeiras are being conducted in this region, but one of the major problems is the uncertainty regarding the scientific identity of the plant species. To support these studies, the present work was carried out with the objective of analyzing the floristic composition of the individuals selected for management with the correct botanical identification of the species recorded. Four stands were studied, two located in Bragança (PA) with ages of 30 and 17 years, and two in Capitão Poço (PA) with ages of 15 and 13 years. During the implementation of the silvicultural treatment plots, botanical samples were collected from the pre-selected species to be managed. Forty-five species were collected and identified in the laboratory. A total of 364 individuals were recorded in the silvicultural treatments in Bragança. Of these, 54.4% were found in the older, 30 year old vegetation and 45.6% in the 17 year old vegetation, distributed in 25 and 17 species, respectively. In Capitão Poço, 295 individuals were recorded, of which 30.2% were found in the 15 year old forest, distributed among 29 species and 69.8% in the 13 year old forest, belonging to 29 botanical species. In the 30, 17, 15 and 13 year old stands, 92.82.3, 93.1 and 89.5% respectively of the total number of individuals harvested were from wood species. The results lead to the conclusion that the studied capoeiras have a diverse floristic composition, and there are species capable of providing alternative sources of income to small rural farmers.