Constituintes voláteis de espécies de virola, astronium, sagotia e croton da Amazônia

Abstract

In Brazil, Virola Aublet, of the Myristicaceae family, is represented by 35 species. There are about 10 species for the genus Astronium Jacq, family Anacardiaceae, in South America. In Brazil, there are 27 species for the genus Croton L, the latter belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. A group of researchers of the Botany Department of MPEG is promoting the botanical and chemical survey of the aromatic flora of the Amazon. As a research fellow, engaged in the group's activities, I was responsible for contributing to the study of the essential oil of some species of the genera mentioned above, aiming at their chemiosystematic knowledge. The plants were: Viro Ia sebifera Aubl. (sample A: 0.4%), V.michellii Heckel (sample B: 0.2%), Astronium urundeuva (Fr. AlI.) Engl. (sample C: 0.2%), Agardneri Mattick (sample D: 0.2%), A fraxinifolium Schott. (sample E; 0.2%) and Croton peraffinis Muell. Arg. (sample G: 0.1%). The plants were collected in locations in the states of Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins and Mato grosso. The essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) to identify its volatile constituents. The main components of V.sebifera oil were (E,E)-a-famesene (32.7%), (E)-caryophyllene (24.5%), a-pinene (14.6%); of V. michellii oil were (E)-caryophyllene (49.8%), bic1ogermacrene (22.6%), germacrene D (7.1 %); from Aurundeuva oil were D3-carene (56.3%), limonene (11.7%), (E)-b-ocimene (7.9%); from Afraxinifolium oil were D3-carene (78.1 %), terpinolene (5.3%); from A. gardneri oil were (Z)-b-ocimene (34.8%), limonene (29.2%), bicyclogerma-- crene (9.5%); from C.peraffinis oil were germacrene D (24.3%), (E)-caryophyllene (22.8%), bicyclogerma-- crene (20.1 %). The essential oils analyzed are composed almost exclusively of mono- and sesquiterpenes, despite the fact that these species belong to distinct genera and families. In this case, from a chemiosystematic point of view, the contribution is restricted only to species of the same genus.