Comparação das características técnicas e morfológicas da cerâmica da fase mazagão com a do sítio ap-mz-29: bananal do pocinho, da área Maracá

Abstract

The 1950s marks a milestone in the archaeology of Amapá State, as it was the period that saw the beginning of systematic research in the area and the establishment of a chronology for the region, with the division of three cultural phases: Aruã, Aristé and Mazagão. The Mazagão Phase was centered in the south of the state and the Maracá Culture, according to Meggers & Evans (1957) contemporary to this phase, for a certain time occupied part of this region, even influencing the Mazagão Phase. As the relationship between these cultures has not yet been well studied, our work consisted in comparing the ceramic material from the Maracá dwelling site with the material from the Mazagão Phase. To do this, we conducted bibliographic research; located material from the Mazagão Phase in the MPEG's Mário Simões Technical Reserve, and analyzed this material in the laboratory. The comparison between these two cultures allowed us to establish some shared characteristics and the differences in utilitarian ceramics between them. The similarities are as much in the additive used in the paste as in the decorative motifs and vessel forms. Regarding the additive, we have identified the presence of mica, quartz and cariape particles in both materials. As for the decorative technique, the use of incision is predominant in both cultures, although the Mazagão Phase presents more elaborate motifs. As for the shapes, the reconstitution from fragments of the ceramic material from Bananal do Pocinho indicated similarities with some vessels from the Mazagão Phase. The similarity of the ceramic objects from the Mazagão Phase and the Maracá culture are pronounced, leading one to think that establishing such rigorous criteria for the definition of types and phases may not mean the existence of cultural differences.