Riqueza de espécies e aspectos ecológicos de espécies arbóreas em uma floresta de Terra Firme

Abstract

Despite its high biodiversity and potential for non-timber products, tropical forests are seen as a source of timber exploitation, which has been done without adequate management, causing irreversible losses of plant populations. This research is being done to identify and estimate tree species that inhabit terra firme forests. To do this it is necessary to use previously published inventories and update them, list these species and their abundance, organize the data in an Excel spreadsheet, and analyze the floristic composition, richness, and ecological aspects of the communities, aiming to understand the patterns of diversity, abundance, and natural history of this group of plants. Comparing the data from 2 ha from the work of Almeida (1993) and Pires (1953), in the Scientific Station of Caxiuanã and the Mocambo Reserve, respectively, we found a total of 1177 individuals, with 51 botanical families and 278 species. The ratio between the number of individuals and species is 4.23. At Mocambo, 821 individuals were inventoried, distributed among 45 families and 168 species. The ratio of number of individuals per species is 4.88. Most species are self-dispersed or are dispersed by mammals and birds. The most abundant species in Mocambo are: Escheweilera coriacea, with 117 individuals (14.25%); Lecythis idatimon, 76 (9.25%); Vochysia guianensis 35 (4.26%); Vouacapoua americana 33 (4.01%) and Protium trifoliolatum 33 (4.01%). In Caxiuanã, Eschweilera coriacea, 58 (4.92%); Laetia procera, 47 (3.99%); Poecilante effusa 34 (2.88%); Rinorea guianensis, 34 (2.88%) and Astrocaryum aculeatum 30 (2.54%) dominate. Probably Caxiuanã presents a better quality habitat to support a higher diversity.