Constituintes voláteis de espécies de verbenaceae da Amazônia

Abstract

The family Verbenaceae comprises about 100 genera distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the planet, with many of its species having commercial, medicinal or aromatic use. In the present work, species of the genera Lantana and Lippia have shown interest because of the abundance they occur in the Amazon region, both for their therapeutic action and for the production of essential oils and the presence of volatile components of economic value. The aromatic plants group of the Botany Department of MPEG has been researching the Amazonian odoriferous flora for about 20 years. A survey of the species Lantana camara (chumbinho, camará), Lantana cujabensis, Lippia citriodora (cidrão, cidró), Lippia lacunosa (folha-de-vela), Lippia lupulina (verbena-grande) and Lippia matogrossensis (flor-de-abelha), as well as a study of the volatile components of their essential oils, were carried out. These were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components of L. camara were: a-felelandrene (16.4%), limonene (16.5%), germacrene D (13.2%), mixture of g-curcumene and ar-curcumene (28.4%) and a-zingiberene (19.2%); of L. cujabensis were: b-caryophyllene (22.3%) and germacrene D (18.9%); of L. citriodora were: limonene (14.3%), carvone (57.5%), neral (21.6%) and geranial (26.1%); from L. lacunosa were: bicyclogermacrene (15.1%) and germacrene A (10.3%); from L. lupulina were: 1,8-cineol (15.5%), endo-fenchol (10.4%), b-caryophyllene (12.3%) and germacrene D (14.8%); of L. matogrossensis were: 1,8-cineol (26.5%) and b-selinene (10.5%). The chemiosystematic study of these species contributes to a better knowledge of the genera Lantana and Lippia that occur in the Amazon, as well as for their economic utilization.