Interpretação de texturas em fotografias aéreas para a indicação de sítios arqueológicos

Abstract

The Amazon, in general, is known for presenting in its soils a low nutrient content. This is due mainly to the parent material associated with high temperatures and high rainfall rates in the region, which favor the leaching of soil nutrients such as P, Ca, Mg, and K. However, in some places in the Amazon, soils with high natural fertility are found, called Terra Preta Arqueológica (TPA). The current research proposes to verify, the use of different types of textures in aerial photographs, in scale 1:5,000 in the location of archeological sites in IPA, as well as to emphasize and classify the factors responsible for this relationship. The importance of this work lies in the fact that the method to be tested may become a great contribution to archeology in the Amazon, given the possibility of making it possible to locate areas that were used by prehistoric man. The region of Caixuanã was selected especially because it has aerial photographs in scale 1:20,000, which covers the entire ECFPn (Scientific Station Ferreira Penna) and 1:5,000, for a strip with three archaeological sites; Manduquinha, Ponta Alegre and Mina Il, located on the shores of the bay of Caixuanã. At the moment, the drainage network is being surveyed for the subsequent elaboration of a thematic map. In addition, a classification of the identified patterns is being made.