Análise do material cerâmica do sítio arqueológico ap-mz-29: bananal do pocinho

Abstract

This work is linked to the project: Archaeological Studies in Amapá, a record of the prehistory of the Maracá River - Igarapé do Lago. The region investigated is located in the southern half of Amapá State, its importance for archeological research has been revealed since the last century, when in 1872, Ferreira Penna found in caves, ceramic urns of simple tubular shapes, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic. Other intermittent expeditions from 1872 to 1953 were carried out in the region of the Igarapé do Lago and its surroundings, but only now, in the early 1990s, has systematic research begun in the area. At first, the proposed objective of this research was to analyze and classify the ceramic material as to its technical and morphological aspects, but so far it has only been possible to carry out the technical analysis. The methodology of analysis was based on the identification of the antiplastics in each of the ceramic fragments with the use of a binocular magnifying glass, the observation of the surface treatments and the identification of the parts of the objects. The analysis of the material was restricted to that collected on the surface. In total the universe surveyed encompassed 955 fragments of different sizes and shapes. The antiplastics found were of mineral and vegetal origin, with a predominance of a mixture of crushed rock and ground sherds in approximately 51% of the fragments. The remaining 49% were distributed as: crushed rock, caryops, sand, ground sherd, coal, rock crushed with caryops, rock crushed with coal, rock crushed with coal and ground sherd, rock crushed with caryops and ground sherd, mica and coal, coal and ground sherd, and ground sherd with caryops. As for the surface treatment, it was observed that most of the fragments are simple (91 %). The rest presents plastic treatments (incision and modeling) and red and white paintings. The data obtained allowed for the preliminary technical characterization of the archaeological material. The continuity of the analysis, through the survey of the forms, should complement this characterization.