Fungos macroscópicos de manguezais do município de Bragança – Pará

Abstract

In coastal ecosystems, mangroves are important systems, composed of diverse communities, where fungi have their function as decomposing agents, contributing to the maintenance of the food chain, decomposing organic matter and cycling nutrients. In Brazil, studies with fungi in this ecosystem are scarce, being known some Deuteromycotina, Basidiomycotyna and Ascomycotina. The present work had as main objective to carry out a survey of macroscopic fungi from the Basidiomycotinae Ascomycotina Sub-Divisions, in mangroves from the Municipality of Bragança, located in the northeast of Pará State. The material studied was collected during 5 field trips from April 1995 to March 1997, following the methodology proposed by Fidalgo & Bononi (1984). From this survey 312 specimens were collected, 102 of them identified so far, in 26 taxa, distributed in 9 families, belonging to 21 genera: Amauroderma, Antrodia, Auricularia, Carip ia, Coriolopsis, Daedalea, Ganoderma, Gloeophyllum, Junghuhnia, Lentinus, Nigroporus, Pistillaria, Phellinus, Pleorotus, Polyporus, Schizophyllum, Stereum, Trametes, Trichaptum, Tyromyces and Xylaria. The family Polyporaceae had the highest occurrence at the level of species and specimens studied.Antrodia sinuosa, Gloeophyllum striatum, Lentinus crinitus, Schizophyllum comune and Tyromyces chioneus were collected on substrates that were submerged during tidal ingress. Tyromyces chioneus was found in all collections and in all areas. Coriolopsis rigida, Gloeophyllum striatum, Trametes elegans and Stereum cineracens constitute the first reference of these fungi in the mangrove ecosystem in Brazil. The fungi are in the João Murça Pires (MG) Herbarium of the Emílio Goeldi Museum of Pará, with duplicates in the Mycology Section of the Federal University of Pará.