Brioflora da floresta nacional de Caxiuanã, Melgaço, Pará.

Abstract

The Scientific Station "Ferreira Penna" is located in the National Forest of Caxiuanã (Flora Caxiuanã), located in the Municipality of Melgaço (PA). With an area of 33,100 ha, it presents diverse ecosystems, with floodplain forest, igapó and dense terra firme forest, the latter occupying 80-90% of the total area. This work aims to determine the specific diversity of bryophytes, in the different ecosystems of the Scientific Station "Ferreira Penna", in order to test the hypothesis that this plant group presents a diversity equivalent to the tree diversity of the dryland forest of the Caxiuanã Flora, demonstrably one of the largest in the eastern Amazon lowlands. Mosses and liverworts were collected from all substrates and from the numbered and catalogued trees in the permanent plots of the floristic inventories, for perfect identification of the species' substrate. Fifty-seven species of bryophytes have been identified so far in the ECFPn area, belonging to 16 families (11 families of mosses and 5 of liverworts). Many of these species were collected for the first time in the State of Pará, such as: Calymperes guildingii Hook. & Grev. , Taxithelium pluripunctatum Ren. & Card. Leucobryum crispum C. Müll., Pictolejeunea spruce Grolle, Micropterygium pterygophyllum (Nees) Trev., Plagiochila Wettsteiniana S. Arn. Some species are new to Brazil: Lejeunea laetevirens Nees & Mont. and Lopholejeunea nigricans (Lindenb.) Schiffn. The results and discussion are not conclusive because there is a large amount of unidentified collected material and many areas inside the Station to be collected