Pesca, alimentação e ecologia produtiva e embrionária de carataí (Pseudauchenipterus nodosus) (siluriformes, auchenipteridae) no rio de Marapanim, Marapanim, Pa.

Abstract

This work presents information about the fishery, feeding, reproduction, and embryonic development of carataí, Pseudauchenipterus nodasus, based on material collected in the Marapanim River, State of Para, from December 1998 to April 1999. For this purpose, bi-weekly, using corral, tapage and fence, in four stretches of the river: in the bay, in the estuary funnel, in the middle and upper portions. It was confirmed that fishing was carried out during the reproductive period of the species, with most of the production being sold in neighboring municipalities. The catch data along the river highlighted the upper portion (33%) and average (44%) as the most productive stretches of the Marapanim river and indicated that the carataí performs upward movement governed by the moon. The species ingested larger portions of food in the section of the turbid water, mainly in tidal streams, and its diet is carried by annelids, arthropods, mollusks and fish. Local observations and the distribution of ovarian frequencies in the mature, breeding and depleted stages indicated that the carataí spawns fresh and clean water on the banks of the river and streams under undisturbed forest. The spawning occurs during the last peaks of maximum tides of the following syzygy, at a temperature of 22 to 27.5 ° C. After hatching, while the tide does not arrive, the embryos remain in the bark and, when they escape from it, survive in the ground for about of two hours. These embryos hatch apt to consume exogenous food, whereas those incubated in the water hatch early, with little perception of the environment. Interference in the annual replenishment of the Carataí on the Marapanim River seemed to depend more on the distribution of local rainfall and the integrity of the forest than on fishing.